Have you ever looked at a boarding pass, flight confirmation or airport information screen and wondered what all the abbreviations mean? Aviation uses a lot of shortened terms, from ETA and ETD to PNR, SSR and ATC. Some are useful when checking a flight’s progress, while others matter when arranging assistance for an autistic or disabled passenger.

This guide explains common aviation abbreviations in plain English, with examples of where you might encounter them. It focuses on terms that passengers are most likely to see, alongside a few operational abbreviations that can help make sense of flight information.

If you want to understand airport identifiers, airline flight-number prefixes and specialist service codes in more detail, read my separate guide to airport and airline codes. This article is a broader glossary rather than another list of airport codes.

Quick Wins: Aviation Abbreviations Worth Knowing

• ETA means Estimated Time of Arrival.
• ETD means Estimated Time of Departure.
• PNR means Passenger Name Record, the booking record associated with your reservation.
• SSR means Special Service Request, used to record particular passenger services and assistance needs.
• PRM means Person with Reduced Mobility in many airport accessibility contexts.
• IATA and ICAO are different international aviation organisations.
• ATC means Air Traffic Control.

Common Aviation Abbreviations: Quick Reference Table

Helpful guides in relation to the aviation abbreviations in the table above:

• What is PRM?
• The UMNR airline code explained

Flight Times and Status Abbreviations Explained

ETA, ETD, STA and STD

ETA and ETD are estimates: they tell you when a flight is currently expected to arrive or depart. STA and STD are scheduled times: the times in the published timetable. The estimated time may change after a delay even though the original scheduled time remains the same.

For example, a flight with an STD of 14:00 and an ETD of 15:10 is currently expected to leave later than scheduled. Continue checking the airline or airport screens, as an estimate is not a guarantee.

ATA and ATD

ATA and ATD refer to actual arrival and departure times. Different tracking systems may use different operational milestones, such as leaving the gate or taking off, so a displayed departure time does not always mean the moment the aircraft became airborne.

UTC and Zulu Time

UTC stands for Coordinated Universal Time. Pilots, air traffic services and aviation systems use a common time reference to avoid confusion across time zones. You may also hear UTC described as Zulu time. Passenger tickets normally show local departure and arrival times, so do not assume the times on a booking are UTC.

Airport and Airline Organisation Abbreviations

IATA and ICAO

IATA is the International Air Transport Association, an airline industry association. Its three-letter airport location codes, such as LHR for Heathrow, are familiar to passengers.

ICAO is the International Civil Aviation Organization, a United Nations specialised agency that develops international civil aviation standards. ICAO airport location indicators are generally four letters, such as EGLL for Heathrow. These systems serve different purposes.

Airport codes are particularly important when a city has several airports. My guide to London’s six airports explains why checking the exact airport on your ticket matters.

ATC, CAA, FAA and EASA

ATC means Air Traffic Control. Controllers help manage aircraft movements on the ground and in controlled airspace. If an airline mentions an ATC restriction, it may relate to traffic management or airspace capacity, although the precise reason should be checked with the airline.

CAA can mean Civil Aviation Authority, including the UK’s aviation regulator. FAA is the United States Federal Aviation Administration. EASA is the European Union Aviation Safety Agency. Their responsibilities and jurisdictions are not identical.

Booking and Boarding Pass Abbreviations

PNR: Passenger Name Record

A PNR is the booking record containing details of a passenger’s reservation. Airlines commonly provide a booking reference or record locator that lets you retrieve the reservation. The reference is not the same thing as the longer e-ticket number.

Keep your booking reference private rather than posting screenshots of boarding passes or confirmations online. Combined with other personal details, it may allow someone to access booking information.

GDS: Global Distribution System

A GDS is a booking and distribution platform used by travel businesses to search and manage travel services. Most passengers do not need to interact with a GDS directly, but the term may appear in travel-agent correspondence.

APIS: Advance Passenger Information System

APIS refers to systems for collecting and transmitting advance passenger information to relevant authorities. Airlines may ask for passport details before departure to meet destination or transit requirements. The exact information required varies by journey.

SSSS: Secondary Security Screening Selection

SSSS may appear on boarding passes for flights subject to US security procedures. It indicates selection for additional security screening. It does not, by itself, tell you why you were selected. Learn more about the SSSS airline code in our guide.

Disability and Special Assistance Abbreviations

For autistic travellers, disabled passengers and families, these may be the most useful aviation abbreviations to understand. They help airlines record support requirements, but the code alone may not explain every detail of the assistance you need.

SSR: Special Service Request

SSR stands for Special Service Request. Airlines use SSR codes to record specific services, including wheelchair assistance, medical arrangements and special meals. These are generally four-letter codes. My airline disability codes guide explains the different assistance categories in more detail.

PRM: Person With Reduced Mobility

PRM commonly means Person with Reduced Mobility. It is used in airport and transport accessibility contexts and can cover people who need assistance for a range of reasons. Read my guide to PRM for a clearer explanation of who may qualify for support.

DPNA, WCHR, WCHS and WCHC

Helpful guides in relation to the aviation abbreviations in the table above:

• DPNA – What Does the DPNA Airline Code Mean?
• WCHR – What Does the WCHR Airline Code Mean?
• WCHS – What Does the WCHS Airline Code Mean?
• WCHC – What Does the WCHC Airline Code Mean?
• BLND – What Does the BLND Airline Code Mean?
• DEAF – What Does the DEAF Airline Code Mean?
• MEDA – What Does the MEDA Airline Code Mean?

Not every autistic passenger needs the same support. If you are requesting assistance, explain what will actually help, such as clearer instructions, extra processing time or support through unfamiliar areas. The DPNA code guide provides further context, while my guide to getting help at the airport explains how to arrange assistance.

Ask your airline to confirm that your request is recorded and whether anything else needs arranging. Do not assume a code automatically guarantees priority security, early boarding or a particular facility at every airport.

Airline Meal and Dietary Abbreviations

Special meals are another reason airlines use abbreviations. The code helps identify the type of meal requested, but menus, availability and ingredients vary between airlines and flights.

Helpful guides in relation to the aviation abbreviations in the table above:

• VGML – What Does the VGML Airline Code Mean?
• VLML – What Does the VLML Airline Code Mean?
• GFML – What Does the GFML Airline Code Mean?
• KSML – What Does the KSML Airline Code Mean?
• MOML – What Does the MOML Airline Code Mean?
• CHML – What Does the CHML Airline Code Mean?
• BBML – What Does the BBML Airline Code Mean?
• DBML – What Does the DBML Airline Code Mean?

If someone in your family has a food allergy, do not assume that a meal code guarantees a meal free from a particular allergen or cross-contact. Read our guide to airline allergy meal codes and confirm ingredients and preparation arrangements directly with the airline. See our complete airline meal codes guide for further explanations and all of the airline meal codes in one place.

Other Aviation Abbreviations You May Encounter

Most of these are operational terms rather than instructions for passengers. If you hear one in a delay announcement, ask staff what it means for your own flight rather than trying to interpret a technical update on its own.

Why Understanding Aviation Abbreviations Can Help Autistic Travellers

Airports involve many unfamiliar processes, and short codes can make information harder to understand. Learning the terms most relevant to your journey may help you prepare a visual schedule, explain flight changes and check that assistance has been requested.

Before travelling, write down your flight number, airport names, scheduled departure time, booking reference and any assistance arrangements in plain language. If you use visual supports, separate the day into clear stages such as check-in, security, waiting, boarding and arrival.

You do not need to memorise aviation terminology. Knowing a handful of useful abbreviations and asking for clarification when needed is enough. If your family would benefit from more advance preparation, the Hidden Disabilities Sunflower Lanyard guide explains one way to communicate that additional support may be needed.

Frequently Asked Questions About Aviation Abbreviations

Understanding Aviation Abbreviations Makes Travel Easier

Aviation abbreviations can seem confusing at first, particularly when they appear on flight bookings, boarding passes, baggage tags or airline websites without any explanation. However, understanding what these codes mean can make planning a journey much easier.

Whether you are trying to understand an airport code, arrange special assistance, check your baggage allowance or make sense of information provided by an airline, knowing the terminology can help you travel with greater confidence.

For families travelling with autistic children, disabled passengers or anyone requiring additional support, understanding aviation abbreviations can be particularly useful when communicating with airlines and airports.

We hope this guide has helped explain some of the most common aviation abbreviations and what they mean. You can also explore our other guides to airline codes, special assistance and airport accessibility for more information to help you prepare for your next journey.

More Guides to Airline Codes and Airport Assistance

• Airline and airport codes and what they mean
• Learn what airline SSR codes or disability codes are and who should use them
• Download a copy of all of the airline SSR disability codes for free
• Airline meal codes explained
• Download a list of all of the airline meal codes for free
• Learn which airline meal codes are for travellers with allergies
• What does LSML mean?

Continue Planning Your Trip With Autistic Children

• Find out about the help available if you are travelling through an airport
• Discover whether a cruise with an autistic child would work for your family
• Find out how to make travelling with ADHD manageable
• Learn more about the Hidden Disabilities Sunflower Lanyard
• Check out guides to all of the different destinations we have travelled to with autistic children
• Learn step-by-step how to set up the accessibility feature on Google maps
• Learn more about our favourite sensory toys for travelling
• Discover an app that helps you locate a playground anywhere in the world
• Always alerted at the last minute that the little one needs a toilet? Find a toilet anywhere with this app

Continue Planning Your Trip as a Traveller With ADHD

• First, check out my travel guide for ADHD travellers for practical planning advice
• Learn what to include on a doctors letter for travelling with medication so you get your letter right the first time
• Find out more about flying with medical luggage and equipment and what extras you can bring for free
• Check out why you should learn important phrases related to your disability before you travel and download the free eBook with accessible travel translations from my guide
• Find out about the different codes airports and airlines use, especially disability codes
• Learn more about the DPNA code and what it means for travellers with hidden disabilities
• Find out more about the Sunflower Lanyard and how it can support ADHD travellers
• Learn more about getting help at the airport as someone with ADHD and how it can support your travel plans
• Find out how to use the PRM Assist app to book special assistance at the airport

Continue Planning Your Accessible Travels Using My Guides

You can click on each image to go directly to the guide for that topic.

The post Common Aviation Abbreviations & What They Mean: A Traveller’s Guide appeared first on Autism Family Travel Guide.

MEDIF stands for Medical Information Form. It is a form used by many airlines to obtain medical information about a passenger when the airline needs to assess whether they are fit to fly or what medical assistance, equipment or arrangements may be required for the journey.

You might be asked for a MEDIF if you have a recent illness or operation, need oxygen during the flight, require certain medical equipment, need a stretcher or have another medical situation that the airline wants its medical team to review.

Not every disabled passenger needs a MEDIF. Disability assistance and medical clearance are different processes, although they can overlap.

What Does MEDIF Stand For?

MEDIF means Medical Information Form. Airlines use MEDIF documentation to collect relevant medical information before a passenger flies.

The form can help an airline decide whether a passenger is medically fit to travel on a commercial aircraft and whether special medical arrangements are necessary.

There is not one universal passenger form used identically by every airline. Airlines can have their own MEDIF documents, medical-clearance procedures, submission deadlines and approval processes.

Why Do Airlines Use MEDIF Forms?

An aircraft cabin is a different environment from being on the ground. Cabin pressure, lower available oxygen, limited space and restricted access to medical care can affect some passengers with medical conditions.

An airline may therefore need medical information before accepting a passenger for travel or confirming a particular medical service.

The MEDIF process can help the airline understand:

• the passenger’s current medical condition;
• whether the condition is stable;
• whether the passenger is considered fit to fly;
• whether oxygen or other medical support is needed;
• whether medical equipment will be used on board;
• whether a medical escort or companion is required;
• whether a stretcher or special seating arrangement is needed; and
• whether the proposed journey creates a medical concern that needs further assessment.

Who Might Need a MEDIF?

The circumstances vary between airlines. A MEDIF may be requested when a passenger’s health, treatment or required medical service needs assessment before flying.

Examples can include passengers who:

• need supplemental oxygen during the flight;
• have recently had surgery or a significant medical procedure;
• have recently been seriously ill or admitted to hospital;
• need to travel on a stretcher;
• require certain medical equipment during the flight;
• have a condition that could deteriorate in the aircraft environment;
• need medical care or monitoring during the journey; or
• have been specifically referred for medical clearance by the airline.

This is not a complete list. The operating airline decides when its medical-clearance process is required.

Helpful guides to airline codes related to using the MEDIF form:

• Travelling as a medical passanger using the MEDA code
• Using a stretcher when travelling – the STCR airline code
• Travelling with oxygen – the OXYG code and PPOC code

Does Every Disabled Passenger Need a MEDIF?

No. Having a disability does not automatically mean you need medical clearance to fly.

Many disabled passengers travel using ordinary airport and airline special assistance without completing a MEDIF. For example, a passenger who needs wheelchair assistance because they cannot walk long airport distances may need an assistance request but no medical assessment.

Similarly, an autistic passenger may need disability-related assistance without having a medical reason for the airline to assess whether they are fit to fly.

If you only need airport support, my guide to getting help at the airport as a disabled traveller explains the special assistance process.

MEDIF vs Special Assistance: What Is the Difference?

Special assistance is practical disability or reduced-mobility support for the journey. MEDIF is a medical-information and clearance process.

A passenger can need both. For example, someone may require wheelchair assistance through the airport and also need a MEDIF because they require oxygen on board.

MEDIF vs MEDA: What Is the Difference?

MEDIF and MEDA are related airline terms but they are not interchangeable.

MEDIF refers to the Medical Information Form or medical-information process used to assess a passenger.

MEDA is an airline Special Service Request code associated with a medical case that has been authorised for travel following medical clearance.

You may therefore encounter MEDIF while submitting information for assessment and MEDA within airline reservation systems after the medical case has been handled.

Who Completes a MEDIF Form?

A MEDIF commonly contains sections for the passenger and sections that need to be completed by a treating doctor or other appropriate medical professional.

The exact format varies by airline. The medical section may ask for information about diagnosis, current condition, treatment, mobility, oxygen requirements and whether the passenger is considered fit to fly.

Read the airline’s instructions before arranging an appointment to do the MEDIF form with your doctor. This helps ensure the correct person completes the form and that it is completed within any validity period set by the airline.

What Information Is Usually on a MEDIF?

Airline forms differ, but information requested may include:

• passenger and booking details;
• medical diagnosis or reason for clearance;
• current symptoms and stability;
• recent operations or hospital treatment;
• medication and treatment information;
• mobility and ability to care for yourself during the flight;
• oxygen requirements;
• medical equipment needed on board;
• whether a medical escort is necessary;
• infectious-disease considerations where relevant; and
• the treating clinician’s assessment of fitness to fly.

Only provide the information requested through the airline’s approved medical process. If you are unsure why information is required, ask the airline’s medical or accessibility team.

Is MEDIF the Same as a Fit-to-Fly Letter?

Not necessarily.

A fit-to-fly letter is usually a statement from a healthcare professional about a passenger’s medical suitability for air travel. A MEDIF is an airline’s structured medical-information form and can ask for considerably more detail.

If an airline specifically asks for its MEDIF, do not assume a general doctor’s letter will be accepted instead. Use the documentation the airline requests.

How Do You Get a MEDIF Form?

Start with the operating airline’s official website or contact its medical assistance, accessibility or special assistance team.

Many airlines provide a downloadable MEDIF or an online medical-clearance process. Others send the required documentation after you explain your circumstances.

Use the form supplied by the airline you are actually flying with. Do not download a random MEDIF from another carrier and assume it will be accepted.

When Should You Submit a MEDIF?

Submission deadlines vary by airline and by the type of medical request.

Some medical services need substantial advance notice because the airline must review the case and arrange equipment or operational support. At the same time, a medical form may need to be recent enough to accurately describe your condition.

Check the airline’s instructions as soon as you know you may require medical clearance. Do not rely on a universal deadline.

What Happens After You Submit a MEDIF?

The airline or its medical service reviews the information and decides what happens next.

Possible outcomes include:

• medical clearance for the booked journey;
• a request for additional medical information;
• approval subject to particular arrangements;
• confirmation of oxygen, stretcher or medical-equipment requirements;
• a requirement for an escort or companion in specific circumstances; or
• advice that travel should be postponed or cannot be accepted in the proposed circumstances.

Do not assume that submitting the form means clearance has been granted. Wait for confirmation from the airline.

Do You Need a New MEDIF for Every Flight?

Possibly. MEDIF approval can be specific to an airline, itinerary, date range or medical situation.

If you have connecting flights operated by different airlines, one carrier’s medical clearance may not automatically satisfy another carrier.

Ask each operating airline whether separate documentation is required. This is especially important on codeshare itineraries, where the airline selling the ticket may not operate every flight.

MEDIF and In-Flight Oxygen

Passengers who need supplemental oxygen during a flight are among those who may be asked to complete medical-clearance documentation.

The airline may need information about the prescribed flow rate, when oxygen is required and whether an approved portable oxygen concentrator will be used.

Airlines use SSR codes to communicate these arrangements within reservations and the two you might see for a passenger who needs oxygen are OXYG and PPOC. You can see other medical and disability codes in our guide to airline and airport disability codes.

MEDIF and Medical Equipment

Some medical devices can be carried without a full MEDIF process, while others require advance approval or additional information. The requirements depend on the equipment and airline.

If equipment will be used during the flight, the airline may need technical details such as its make and model, dimensions, power source and battery specifications.

Medical equipment can also affect your baggage planning, you can learn more about this in our guide to medical luggage. Our medical luggage guide for major airlines provides a starting point for checking airline policies, but confirm the current rules directly with your carrier.

MEDIF and Wheelchair Assistance

Needing a wheelchair at the airport does not automatically mean you need a MEDIF.

Airlines use specific SSR codes such as WCHR, WCHS and WCHC to describe different levels of wheelchair assistance. These are separate from medical clearance.

If there is an additional medical issue that the airline needs to assess, you could have wheelchair assistance recorded and also be asked to complete a MEDIF.

Do Autistic Passengers Need a MEDIF?

Autism by itself does not mean a passenger automatically needs a MEDIF.

An autistic traveller may need disability assistance because of sensory, communication, processing or other support needs without requiring medical clearance to fly.

If there is a separate medical issue, the airline may ask for medical information relating to that situation. Explain the practical assistance needed and let the airline distinguish between its accessibility and medical-clearance processes.

Can an Airline Refuse Medical Clearance?

An airline can decide that it cannot safely accommodate a particular medical situation on a specific flight, or that further information or arrangements are needed before travel.

Commercial aircraft are not hospitals, and the medical resources available on board are limited. Operational factors can also affect what an airline can provide.

If clearance is not granted, ask the airline what information or change in circumstances would be needed for the journey to be reconsidered. Discuss any medical implications with your treating healthcare professional.

What to Do Before Travelling With a MEDIF

• Contact the operating airline as early as possible.
• Use the airline’s current MEDIF form or medical-clearance system.
• Check which sections must be completed by a healthcare professional.
• Follow the airline’s submission and validity deadlines.
• Provide accurate information about medical equipment and oxygen requirements.
• Wait for written confirmation of medical clearance.
• Confirm any separate airport special assistance you need.
• Keep relevant medical and airline documentation accessible during the journey.
• Recheck arrangements if your medical condition changes before departure.

If your condition changes significantly after the airline has approved travel, contact the airline rather than assuming the original clearance remains valid.

Frequently Asked Questions About MEDIF

What does MEDIF mean?

MEDIF stands for Medical Information Form. Airlines use it to obtain medical information when a passenger’s fitness to fly or medical arrangements need assessment.

Is a MEDIF a fit-to-fly certificate?

Not exactly. A MEDIF is an airline medical-information form, while a fit-to-fly certificate or letter is usually produced by a healthcare professional. If the airline asks for its MEDIF, use the form it specifies.

Does a doctor have to complete MEDIF?

MEDIF forms commonly include a section that must be completed by a treating doctor or other appropriate healthcare professional. Follow the instructions on your airline’s form.

Do wheelchair users need MEDIF?

Not simply because they use a wheelchair. Wheelchair assistance and medical clearance are separate. A MEDIF may only be needed if there is an additional medical reason for assessment.

Do autistic passengers need MEDIF?

Not automatically. An autistic passenger can request disability-related assistance without requiring medical clearance. A MEDIF may be relevant if there is a separate medical issue the airline needs to assess.

How long does MEDIF approval last?

There is no universal validity period. Approval can depend on the airline, itinerary, dates and passenger’s medical circumstances. Check the confirmation provided by your airline.

The simplest way to understand the MEDIF form is that it gives an airline the medical information it needs to assess a passenger or arrange medical support before flying. It is not a general requirement for every disabled traveller.

If an airline asks you to complete a MEDIF form, use that airline’s current form, follow its deadlines and wait for confirmation that medical clearance has been granted. Arrange any separate airport assistance at the same time so both the medical and practical parts of your journey are covered.

Continue Planning Your Medical Air Travel

• Read our airline and airport disability codes guide to understand common SSR terminology
• Check our medical luggage guide for major airlines when travelling with medical supplies
• Use our guide to getting help at the airport when you also need airport assistance

Continue Learning About Airline Codes

Understanding these airline codes can make it easier to check that the right assistance has been added to your booking. You can explore our guides to airline SSR disability codes to learn what the different codes mean, when they are used and what support you may need to arrange before you fly.

• Airline and airport codes and what they mean
• Download a copy of all of the airline SSR disability codes for free
• Airline meal codes explained
• Download a list of all of the airline meal codes for free
• Learn which airline meal codes are for travellers with allergies
• What does DPNA mean?
• Download a free, printable checklist for MEDA passengers to complete before they fly

Continue Planning Your Trip With Autistic Children

• Find out about the help available if you are travelling through an airport
• Discover whether a cruise with an autistic child would work for your family
• Find out how to make travelling with ADHD manageable
• Check out guides to all of the different destinations we have travelled to with autistic children
• Learn step-by-step how to set up the accessibility feature on Google maps
• Learn more about our favourite sensory toys for travelling
• Discover an app that helps you locate a playground anywhere in the world
• Always alerted last minute that the little one needs a toilet? Find a toilet anywhere with this app
• Turn travels into adventures with these map-based games for families

Continue Planning Your Accessible Trip With Our Guides

You can click on each image to go directly to the guide for that topic.

The post What Is a MEDIF Form? Airline Medical Forms Explained appeared first on Autism Family Travel Guide.

If you’ve booked a flight, cruise or train journey, you may have come across the letters PRM and wondered what is PRM? Airlines, airports and transport providers use this abbreviation regularly, but it isn’t always explained clearly.

Understanding what PRM means can make travelling much easier, especially if you or someone in your family has a disability, medical condition or reduced mobility.

In this guide, we’ll explain what PRM means, who qualifies, what assistance is available and how to request it before you travel.

Quick Wins For PRM Travel

• PRM stands for Person with Reduced Mobility.
• PRM includes both visible and hidden disabilities, not just wheelchair users.
• Temporary injuries, long-term health conditions and age-related mobility issues may also qualify.
• PRM assistance is usually free at airports, train stations and ferry terminals.
• You should request assistance at least 48 hours before you travel where possible.
• Support can include help through the airport, early boarding, wheelchair assistance and guidance through security.
• You do not usually need to provide proof of your disability, simply explain the support you need.
• PRM assistance is available for many autistic travellers and people with other non-visible disabilities who need extra support during their journey.

What Does PRM Mean?

PRM stands for Person with Reduced Mobility.

It is an internationally recognised term used throughout the travel industry to describe passengers who need assistance because of a disability, reduced mobility, sensory impairment or another condition that affects their ability to travel independently. To learn more about the types of assistance available for disabled travellers, my post about airport special assistance is a good place to begin.

Despite the name, PRM does not only refer to people who use wheelchairs. It covers a much wider range of travellers and is often used to describe the special assistance services that you find in airports. For example, you may find that PRM at the airport is used to describe people with reduced mobility, people with any type of difficulty which means they need help at the airport, the services provided to disabled travellers and more. What I am trying to highlight is that you will often find that what PRM means exactly can vary depending on where you see it, but it will always have something to do with disabled travellers and they support services they need to travel.

You may be considered a PRM if you have:

• A physical disability
• Limited mobility due to age
• A temporary injury such as a broken leg
• A visual impairment
• A hearing impairment
• An intellectual disability
• Autism
• A learning disability
• ADHD (if it significantly affects independent travel)
• Dementia
• A neurological condition
• A chronic illness that affects mobility or endurance
• Hidden disabilities that mean you require additional assistance

The key point is that you need support to travel safely or comfortably.

If you are travelling with a disability, I have many guides to help you plan your adventures: travelling with a disability, travelling with fibromyalgia, travelling with autism, travelling with ADHD and travelling with reduced mobility.

Does PRM Mean You Are Disabled?

Not necessarily.

Many PRMs are disabled, but you do not need to identify as disabled to receive PRM assistance.

For example, someone recovering from surgery, using crutches for a few weeks or struggling to walk long distances because of a temporary injury may qualify. When I broke my foot in Thailand my doctor wrote me a travel letter for the airline and airport to provide me assistance getting through the airport and onto the plane. I was escorted through the airport in Bangkok and Addis Ababa by wheelchair and was given help to board the plane safely.

Likewise, many people with hidden disabilities qualify even though they have no visible mobility difficulties.

Why Do Airports Use The Term PRM?

The aviation industry uses the term because it covers a wide range of passengers who need assistance without focusing on a specific diagnosis. Airports actually use a lot of different codes, and I have a guide which explains the different codes airports use and what they are for.

Instead of asking whether someone is disabled, airports simply ask what support is required. They then apply one of the globally recognised four-letter disability codes that relates best to the passenger who requires the travel assistance and this helps the staff in the airport and on the plane recognise what help is likely needed without having to ask.

This allows assistance providers to arrange the right equipment and staff before you arrive.

What Assistance Can PRM Passengers Receive?

The exact assistance varies depending on the airport, airline or transport provider, but it may include:

• Help getting from the car park, train station or drop-off point
• Assistance through check-in
• Help with baggage (within assistance guidelines)
• Fast-track through security where available
• Escort through passport control
• Help reaching departure gates
• Early boarding
• Assistance transferring onto the aircraft
• Use of an aisle wheelchair
• Help collecting baggage after landing
• Escort through arrivals
• Assistance to onward transport

Many airports also provide:

• Accessible toilets
• Changing Places facilities
• Quiet rooms or sensory rooms
• Hearing loops
• Sunflower-friendly services
• Buggies for passengers unable to walk long distances

I have been working on guides for each of the airports I have flown from or into which cover the special assistance services there and the disabled facilities available. I have been adding them into a list of airport assistance guides so you can find all of the guides in one place.

What Is PRM Travel Assistance?

PRM travel assistance is the free support provided by airports, airlines, ferry operators and train companies to passengers who need help travelling.

In the UK, Europe and many other countries, this assistance is provided free of charge.

You should never be charged simply because you need disability assistance.

Who Can Request PRM Travel Assistance?

You can request assistance if you have difficulty with any part of your journey because of:

• Walking long distances
• Standing for long periods
• Climbing stairs
• Balance problems
• Fatigue
• Chronic pain
• Breathlessness
• Visual impairment
• Hearing impairment
• Cognitive disabilities
• Autism
• Learning disabilities
• Neurological conditions
• Medical equipment you need to travel with

You do not usually need to provide proof of your disability.

Instead, you explain what assistance you require. It is best to ask for PRM travel assistance by contacting your airline directly or selecting special assistance during the booking process.

How Do You Book PRM Assistance?

Most airlines allow you to request assistance when booking your flight.

If you have already booked, you can usually add assistance afterwards by contacting the airline or your travel agent. As a backup you can also use the PRM Assist app to make a PRM assistance booking.

Ideally, assistance should be requested at least 48 hours before departure, although earlier is always better. This gives the assistance service provider plenty of time to arrange all of the help you need.

When booking, you may be asked questions such as:

• Can you walk through the airport independently?
• Can you climb aircraft stairs?
• Do you use your own wheelchair?
• Will you be travelling with mobility equipment?
• Do you need assistance because of a hidden disability?
• Will you be travelling with a service dog?

Answering these accurately helps ensure the correct assistance is arranged.

Is PRM The Same As Airport Special Assistance?

Yes. When used to refer to assistance then PRM and special assistance are the same thing.

Different organisations use different terminology.

You may hear the following terms, but they all refer to the same thing:

• PRM assistance
• Airport assistance
• Special assistance
• Passenger assistance
• Mobility assistance
• SSR
• Special service request
• Disability assistance
• PRM travel assistance

These generally refer to the same service.

Is PRM Only Used At Airports?

No. The term is widely used and recognised by many different bodies in the travel industry and you will likely notice it in many places.

PRM is also used by:

• Cruise lines
• Ferry operators
• Train companies
• Metro systems
• Coaches
• Some tourist attractions

The type of assistance offered varies between transport providers.

PRM And Wheelchair Assistance

Many people assume PRM automatically means wheelchair assistance, but that isn’t true. Some PRM passengers need a wheelchair throughout the airport.

Others only need help with long walking distances.

Some simply require guidance because they are visually impaired or have a cognitive disability.

This is why airports use different assistance categories to describe the type of help required.

You may have heard terms such as:

• WCHR
• WCHS
• WCHC

These are wheelchair assistance codes that tell staff what level of mobility support is needed. To learn the different airport disability codes and what they stand for, head to my airport and airline disability codes guide.

PRM For Hidden Disabilities

Many PRM passengers have disabilities that are not immediately obvious.

These include:

• Autism
• ADHD
• Dementia
• Epilepsy
• PTSD
• Anxiety disorders
• Learning disabilities
• Brain injuries
• Chronic pain conditions
• Chronic fatigue conditions

Depending on your needs, you may benefit from:

• A quieter route through the airport
• Additional time during screening
• Clear communication
• Boarding before other passengers
• Assistance navigating the terminal
• Extra support if you become overwhelmed

Many airports also participate in hidden disability schemes, including the Sunflower Lanyard programme. If you are new to the Sunflower Lanyard scheme, my Hidden Disabilities Sunflower Lanyard guide explains what it is and how you can get your own Sunflower Lanyard.

Many people with a hidden disability use the DPNA disability code on their travel booking. My guide breaks down what the DPNA code is, who can use it and how to have it added to your booking.

Your Rights As A PRM Passenger

In many countries, transport providers are legally required to provide assistance to PRM passengers.

For flights within the UK and Europe, or flights operated under applicable regulations, airports and airlines must provide assistance free of charge when requested within the required notice period.

Airlines cannot refuse carriage simply because someone is disabled, except in very limited situations relating to genuine safety requirements or aircraft limitations.

Tips For Travelling As A PRM At The Airport

To help your journey run smoothly:

• Book assistance as early as possible.
• Arrive at the airport early, with enough time to meet the assistance team.
• Carry any medication in your hand luggage.
• Bring copies of medical documentation if travelling with specialist equipment.
• Label mobility equipment clearly.
• Check battery rules before flying with powered wheelchairs or mobility scooters.
• Contact your airline if your needs change before departure.

If you plan to travel with medication, it is helpful to carry a doctors letter and I have a guide that breaks down exactly what to include on your medication travel letter.

What Is PRM FAQ

PRM is simply an industry term for travellers who need additional support to complete their journey safely and comfortably. It includes far more than wheelchair users and covers a wide range of visible and hidden disabilities, temporary injuries and medical conditions.

If you think you would benefit from extra help, don’t hesitate to request PRM travel assistance when you book. The service is there to make travel more accessible and less stressful, helping you focus on enjoying your trip rather than worrying about the journey itself.

Continue Planning Your Next Accessible Trip

• Find out about the help available if you are travelling through an airport
• Find out how to make travelling with ADHD manageable
• Learn more about the Hidden Disabilities Sunflower Lanyard
• Check out guides to all of the different destinations we have travelled to with autistic children
• Learn step-by-step how to set up the accessibility feature on Google maps 
• Learn more about our favourite sensory toys for travelling
• Discover an app that helps you locate a playground anywhere in the world
• Always alerted last minute that the little one needs a toilet? Find a toilet anywhere with this app

Continue Planning Your Accessible Trip With My Guides

You can click on each image to go directly to the guide for that topic.

The post What Is PRM? A Guide For Disabled Travellers appeared first on Autism Family Travel Guide.